Nanomaterials were synthesized using the DC thermal plasma vaporization system. The micro-sized precursors were evaporated in the high-temperature region using triple DC plasma torches and turned into gaseous atoms and/or molecules before cooling down to grow as nanospheres in large quantities.

The synthesis method using plasma jet technology gives high synthesis efficiency, fast synthesis time (2-10 minutes), reduction of chemicals, and environmentally friendly synthesis processes.

The atmospheric plasma jet operating at 20–70 KHz has been used to treat a number of seeds for stimulating germination. Root germination and growth were significantly enhanced after plasma treatment. 

The energy surface and bond activation will be modified or enhanced by the effect by plasma treatment. Various cold plasma with different plasma profile, frequency, current and gas carriers are employed to trigger the surface modification. 

Main reaction pathways are identified to generate hydroxyl and other radicals, which involve high-energy electrons interacting with water and O2 in the solution and in the ambient air. 

Research on plasma devices, catalytic materials, plasmonic biomaterials, plasmonic metamaterials, bimetallic nanoclusters